AI For Social Science 

智能时代的科学研究范式

在阿里达摩院和百度研究院2022年发布的十大科技趋势中，AI For Science排在未来几年科技发展的前两位，新时代的科学研究离不开人工智能的辅助。人工智能将在应用科学中得到普遍应用，在部分基础科学中开始成为科学家的生产工具。

人工智能正在催生新的科研范式。机器学习能够处理多维、多模态的海量数据，解决复杂场景下的科学难题，带领科学探索抵达过去无法触及的新领域。人工智能不仅将加速科研流程，还将帮助发现新的科学规律。

达摩院2022十大科技趋势预测

AI for Science has emerged as a new area of research with the potential to change the paradigm of scientific research.In the next few years, AI will be integrated into many different fields … as well as play a greater role in the progression of fundamental science.

Top 10 Tech Trends in 2022 by Baidu Research

 

智能时代科学研究的特点

以AlphaFold在生命科学领域取得的瞩目成果为代表，AI无论在自然科学还是社会科学领域都已经取得可圈点的突破。

“Based on CASP14, they could get about two-thirds of the proteins with experimental accuracy overall, and even for hard targets, they can fold about one-third of the proteins with experimental accuracy” 

Eisenstein M . Artificial intelligence powers protein-folding predictions[J]. Nature, 2021, 599.

Building artificial intelligence (AI) that aligns with human values is an unsolved problem. Here we developed a human-in-the-loop research pipeline called Democratic AI, in which reinforcement learning is used to design a social mechanism that humans prefer by majority.

Koster R . Human-centred mechanism design with Democratic AI[J]. Nature, 2022.

人工智能将成为科学家继计算机之后的新生产工具，一是带来效率的显著提升，人工智能将伴随科研的全流程，从假设、实验到归纳总结，让科学家不需要像过去一样十年寒窗才能产出科学成果；二是让科学不再依赖少数天才，人工智能对科学研究产生猜想，让科学家就其中有意义有价值的部分进行实验与证明，让更多人能够参与到科学研究中。

达摩院2022十大科技趋势